Research & interactive art · 180° rotation

When geometry changes how we read.

Explore two independent tracks: 2,770 Japanese KanjiVG kanji and 6,763 GB2312 Chinese-source characters. They use different geometry and rankings; candidate similarity is not established human readability.

R₁₈₀ · 180°

Rotate this single drawing. Does its identity survive the turn?

Discover C₂: invariant and changing strokes

The project tests seven historic Japanese search variants, source-glyph C₂ and distinct-pair candidates, four Japanese visual operations, and several independent Chinese construction/optimization hypotheses—including documented null results. See every tested method and its evidence.

Japanese research · KanjiVG

2,770 kanji · experimental. Natural C₂ and A↔B searches, seven historical metric variants, six source/visual methods and their illustrated examples. No certified legibility.

Explore Japanese methods

Chinese research · GB2312

6,763 hanzi · experimental. Natural rotational candidates, centre/extremity/sector optimization and R-ODD, harmonic and fusion outputs, including null results. No certified legibility.

Explore Chinese methods

Research Methods & Experiments

Navigate Japanese and Chinese research tracks, algorithms, visual examples, draft experiments, measurable results and evidence boundaries.

Open research methods map →

C₂ Visual Research Lab

Rotate the same KanjiVG drawing, reveal the invariant and changing components, move the centre, and explore real geometric experiments and their limits.

Explore C₂ geometry →

Ambigram Generator

Enter a character, explore potential partners, construct a vector drawing, rotate it and save your SVG.

Open generator →

Rotation Lab

Explore 16 examples and experiment with stroke salience, symmetry, component layout and geometry.

Open lab →

Mainland Chinese Explorer

Browse GB2312 rotational candidate pairs, rotate source overlays and inspect reproducible geometric scores. Experimental; not human-validated.

Explore Chinese candidates →

Native Reader Gallery

Choose Chinese or Japanese, rotate real-source candidates and experimental constructions, and rate meaning in both, one or neither orientation. Methods and evidence status remain explicit; no human validation is claimed.

Open reader gallery →