Research & interactive art · 180° rotation
When geometry changes how we read.
Explore two independent tracks: 2,770 Japanese KanjiVG kanji and 6,763 GB2312 Chinese-source characters. They use different geometry and rankings; candidate similarity is not established human readability.
Rotate this single drawing. Does its identity survive the turn?
Discover C₂: invariant and changing strokesThe project tests seven historic Japanese search variants, source-glyph C₂ and distinct-pair candidates, four Japanese visual operations, and several independent Chinese construction/optimization hypotheses—including documented null results. See every tested method and its evidence.
Japanese research · KanjiVG
2,770 kanji · experimental. Natural C₂ and A↔B searches, seven historical metric variants, six source/visual methods and their illustrated examples. No certified legibility.
Explore Japanese methodsChinese research · GB2312
6,763 hanzi · experimental. Natural rotational candidates, centre/extremity/sector optimization and R-ODD, harmonic and fusion outputs, including null results. No certified legibility.
Explore Chinese methodsResearch Methods & Experiments
Navigate Japanese and Chinese research tracks, algorithms, visual examples, draft experiments, measurable results and evidence boundaries.
Open research methods map →C₂ Visual Research Lab
Rotate the same KanjiVG drawing, reveal the invariant and changing components, move the centre, and explore real geometric experiments and their limits.
Explore C₂ geometry →Ambigram Generator
Enter a character, explore potential partners, construct a vector drawing, rotate it and save your SVG.
Open generator →Rotation Lab
Explore 16 examples and experiment with stroke salience, symmetry, component layout and geometry.
Open lab →Mainland Chinese Explorer
Browse GB2312 rotational candidate pairs, rotate source overlays and inspect reproducible geometric scores. Experimental; not human-validated.
Explore Chinese candidates →Native Reader Gallery
Choose Chinese or Japanese, rotate real-source candidates and experimental constructions, and rate meaning in both, one or neither orientation. Methods and evidence status remain explicit; no human validation is claimed.
Open reader gallery →